
XE-2100全自动血细胞分析仪在慢性肾衰血液透析中的应用研究
目的 探讨利用XE-2100全自动血细胞分析仪检测血液透析患者动脉血红细胞压积来确定血容量的改变。方法 对60例慢性肾衰维持性血液透析的患者,在透析过程中分5次检测透析管路动脉端血液红细胞压积,并根据红细胞压积变化计算血容量(BV)下降比率,同时监测血压变化,以此确定合适的干体重和透析速度。结果 在超滤4h后有14例患者红细胞压积升高太多,血容量下降超过允许范围(>15%),以至于收缩压下降超过30mmHg,部分患者出现低压血症状。46例患者红细胞压积上升合适,血容量下降正常(<15%),收缩压下降小于30mmHg,无低血压症状出现。结论 在一定的时间内多次检测红细胞压积来计算透析血容量,使血容量下降率控制在15%以内,就可以减少透析性低压血的发生。
关键词 XE-2100血细胞分析仪 红细胞压积 血液透析 血容量
Research for the use of automatic hemacytology analyzer XE-2100
in hemodialysis of chronic renal failure
Sun Xiuying,Ji Haisheng,Liu Zhonglu
The People’s Hospital of Linyi,Shandong276003.
【Abstract】 Objective To explore the use of automated hemacytology analyserXE-2100in determining the changes of blood capacity of patients who are being treated with hemodialysis by analyzing the patients’artery blood hematocrits.Methods Among60cases of patients suffering chronic renal exhaustion and being kept with hemodialyˉsis,hematocrits of the blood from the artery end of dialytic pipeline were analysed5times in the procession of hemodialysis,and the descendant ratios of blood capacity(BV)were calculated according to the varieties of hematˉocrits.Simultaneously,the varieties of blood pressure were monitored,in order that the appropriate dry body weight and dialytic velocities would be determined.Results Among14cases of patients,the hematocrits had greatly rised and the descendant values of the blood capacities exceeded the permissible range(>15%),as a result,the descendant values of systolic pressure exceeded30mmHg,and a part of patients appeared the symptom of low blood pressure.Among anˉother46casesof patients,the hematocries had rised appropriately and the descendant values of the blood capacities were normal(<15%).The descendant values of systolic pressure were lower than30mmHg,and there were not the symptom of low blood pressure.Conclusion Calculating the dialytic blood capacities by analyzing the hematocrits time after within definite time to control the varieties of the blood capacities lower than15%,the occurrence of low blood pressure can be reduced.
Key words hemacytology analyzer XE-2100 hematocrit hemodialysis blood capacity
血液透析是从血管内清除多余水分,由组织间液进入血液来补充血容量。血液透析的最佳效果就是要达到合适的血容量,血液透析后血容量下降小于15%。因此,在血液透析过程中对于血容量的监测至关重要。XE-2100全自动血细胞计数仪应用了流式细胞术和半导体激光技术,细胞计数和红细胞压积检测准确,且预稀释法用血量少,操作简单,不会给病人带来负担。本文对XE-2100全自动血细胞计数仪在慢性肾衰血液透析中的应用进行了探讨。
1 资料与方法
1.1 病例选择 随机选择我院血液透析中心稳定的慢性肾衰维持性血液透析病人60例,男37例,女23例,每周透析2次。
1.2 仪器 XE-2100全自动血细胞计数仪,随机配套试剂,标本进样模式采用预稀释法(40μl血加入160μl稀释液中,充分混匀)。
1.3 透析方法 采用Fresenius透析机及德国贝朗透析机,血仿膜或铜仿膜透析器。碳酸盐透析液,血液流速200~250ml/min。所有病人均接受血液透析(CM)3~4h,均匀脱水,透析过程中未输液。
1.4 监测指标 (1)标本采集:分别于超滤前,超滤后1、2、3、4h从血液透析血管通路动脉端采血,同时监测血压(BP)和心率(HR),并记录临床症状。(2)应用XE-2100全自动血细胞计数仪测定红细胞压积(Hct)。(3)根据所测红细胞压积变化计算血容量(BV)下降比例,血容量相对下降率(ΔBV)由以下公式计算:
Hct0×BV0=Hct1×BV1 (1)
ΔBV=[(Hct2-Hct1)/Hct2]×100% (2)
其中Hct0和BV0是透析前红细胞压积和血容量;Hct1和BV1是透析后红细胞压积和血容量。
1.5 统计学方法 所有资料以ˉx±s表示,数据比较采用配对t检验。
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